Thus in old English the word “ stool” meant any kind of seats. Lexicology connects with the history of the language. There is also a close relationship between lexicology and stylistics which is concerned with a study of a nature, functions and styles of languages. The part of speech can be changed as well: pocket – to pocket name – to name plug – to plug plot – to plot suit – to suit etc. The grammatical form of the word is changed and the meaning is changed as well ( picture - pictures work – works colour – colours look – looks arm – arms etc). It is concerned with the various means of expressing grammatical relations between words as well as with patterns after which words are combined into word-groups and sentences. Grammar is the study of the grammatical structure of the language. If we change some sounds in the word, we receive the word with the different meaning ( read – rod ship – sheep cow – bow etc). Lexicology is closely connected with other branches of linguistics: phonetics, for example, investigates the phonetic structure of language and is concerned with the study of the outer sound-form of the word. Special lexicology is the lexicology of a particular language (Russian, German, French, etc.). It is concerned with the study of vocabulary irrespective of the specific features of any particular language. General lexicology is a part of General linguistics. Another branch of lexicology is called descriptive and studies the vocabulary at a definite stage of its development.ĭistinction is made between GENERAL LEXICOLOGY & SPECIAL LEXICOLOGY. Lexicology can study the development of the vocabulary, the origin of words and word-groups, their semantic relations and the development of their sound form and meaning. Studying lexicology is very important for lexicography, the science which studies dictionaries.
The practical value of lexicology is important for language teaching. That means that lexicology helps to study philosophical problems. So, meaning is the central problem of lexicology and meaning is the central problem of philosophy as well. the word group “as loose as goose” means “clumsy” and is used in a sentence as a predicative / He is as loose as a goose /. The term “word-group” denotes a group of words which exists in the language as a ready-made unit, has the unity of meaning, the unity of syntactical function, e.g. It is the smallest unit of a language which can stand alone as a complete utterance. This unit is used in grammatical functions characteristic of it.
The term “word” denotes the main lexical unit of a language resulting from association of a group of sounds with a meaning. The term “vocabulary” is used to denote the system of words and word-groups that the language possesses.
Lexicology is the part of linguistics which deals with the vocabulary and characteristic features of words and word-groups. The term “lexicology” is of Greek origin / from “lexis” – “word” and “logos” - “science”/. Modern methods of vocabulary investigation. The connection of lexicology with other branches of Linguistics. General Characteristics of the Lexicology
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